The tectonic framework of Alaska is dominated by subduction of the Pacific plate underneath the North American plate along the southern Alaska margin and the Aleutian Islands. Based on its depth, the M5.4 earthquake and its aftershocks occurred inside the subducted Pacific plate.

Waveform modelling and analysis of the P-wave first motions of the M5.4 earthquake and its aftershocks indicate normal faulting. As the Pacific plate slides into the mantle, it is being pulled by its own weight causing extensional earthquakes.